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Haihuwar bakwaini ce kan gaba wajen janyo mace-macen yara a duniya

Hoton alama

Wed, 10 May 2023 Source: BBC

Wani rahoto na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ya yi ƙiyasin cewa jarirai bakwaini miliyan 13.4 aka haifa a shekara ta 2020.

Jarirai bakwaini kusan miliyan ɗaya ne ke mutuwa sanadin cutuka masu shafa jariran da ba su kai watannin haihuwa ba, a cewar sabon rahoton.

Ya dai buƙaci ɗaukar matakai cikin gaggawa don inganta kariya a kan haihuwar jarirai bakwaini, tare da kyautata hanyoyin kula da lafiyar jarirai da uwayensu.

Rahoton ya ce alƙaluman mace-macen daidai suke da mutuwar bakwaini ɗaya cikin guda goma da aka haifa (kafin su cika mako 37 a cikin mahaifiya) a faɗin duniya.

Matakan na tsawon shekara goma kan haihuwar bakwaini da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya da Asusun kula da Ƙananan Yara na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da wata gidauniya mafi girma ta ƙawancen mata da ƙananan yara da masu tasowa suka ɗauka sun bayyana fargaba a kan "buƙatar gaggawa baki alaikum" game da haihuwar bakwaini.

Da kuma tsawon lokacin da aka ɗauka ba a kula da girma da tsananin matsalar ba, lamarin da ke kawo tarnaƙi ga inganta lafiyar jarirai da girmansu.

Gaba ɗaya, rahoton ya gano cewa adadin bakwaini da ake haifa, bai canza ba a kowanne sashe na duniya a tsawon shekara goma da ta wuce, inda aka haifi jarirai bakwaini miliyan 152 daga 2010 zuwa 2020.

Haihuwar bakwaini a yanzu ita ce kan gaba wajen haddasa mace-macen ƙananan yara, inda ake samun fiye da ɗaya cikin biyar na duk mace-macen yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara biyar.

Bakwaini na iya fuskantar matsalolin lafiya a tsawon rayuwarsu, inda sukan yi fama da ƙarin yiwuwar samun nakasa da kuma jinkiri wajen girma.

Sabon rahoton mai taken 'jariri haihuwar wuri' wanda ya ɗora a kan wani nazari da aka wallafa a 2012, na tsawon shekara goma ya yi cikakken nazari kan yawaitar haihuwar bakwaini da gagarumin tasirin hakan a kan mata da iyalai da al'umma da kuma tattalin arziƙin ƙasa.

Sau da yawa, wurin da aka haifi jariri yana da alaƙa da tabbatar rayuwarsa.

Rahoton ya nunar cewa ɗaya kawai a cikin jarirai mafi ƙanƙantar bakwaini ('yan mako 28) ne ke rayuwa a ƙasashen masu ƙarancin samun kuɗin shiga, idan an kwatanta da fiye da tara cikin goma da ke rayuwa a ƙasashe masu yawan samun kuɗin shiga.

Giɓin rashin daidaito da ke da alaƙa da jinsi da ƙabila da samun kuɗi ga iyaye da damar samun ingantacciyar kula da lafiya, na iya kasancewa dalilan yiwuwar haihuwar bakwaini da mutuwa ko nakasar su, hatta a ƙasashe masu yawan samu.

Rahoton ya ce ƙasashen Kudu da Hamadar Sahara da na Kudancin Asiya ne ke da mafi yawan adadi na jarirai bakwaini da ake haihuwa a duniya, kuma bakwainin da ake samu a ƙasashen ne suka fi fuskantar hatsarin mutuwa.

Yankunan biyu su ne ke da kashi 65% na mutuwar bakwaini a duniya.

Rahoton ya kuma nunar da tasirin rikice-rikice da sauyin yanayi da gurɓacewar muhalli da annobar korona da tsadar rayuwa, a matsayin abubuwan da ke janyo ƙarin hatsari ga rayuwar mata da jarirai cikin ko'ina a faɗin duniya.

Ga misali, an yi ƙiyasin cewa gurɓacewar iska, tana ba da gudunmawa ga mutuwar bakwaini miliyan shida duk shekara.

Kusan ɗaya cikin goma na bakwainin da ake haifa a duniya, ana samun su ne a ƙasashe guda goma mafi rauni da ke fama da matsalolin ayyukan jin ƙan ɗan’adam, a cewar wata sabuwar ƙididdiga a rahoton.

Haɗurran lafiya da mata masu juna biyu ke fuskanta, kamar goyon ciki ga ƙananan ‘yan mata da hawan jinin da masu juna biyu kan gamu da shi, suna da alaƙa ta ƙuƙut da haihuwar bakwaini.

Wannan na jaddada buƙatar tabbatar da samun ayyukan kula da lafiya na haihuwa da na jima’i, ciki har da ingantaccen tsarin iyali da ingantacciyar kulawa ga masu juna biyu a lokacin naƙuda.

Yanzu mene ne abin yi?

A cikin shekara goman da ta wuce, an samu ƙaruwar fafutuka tsakanin al’ummar garuruwa da yankuna, don kare matsalar haihuwar bakwaini da ɓarin juna biyu.

Ta hanyar ƙungiyoyin iyaye da ƙwararrun jami’an lafiya da masana da ƙungiyoyin fararen hula da sauransu.

Duka a faɗin duniya ƙungiyoyin iyalai waɗanda haihuwar bakwaini ta shafa sun tashi tsaye wajen yin yekuwa, da nufin samar da hanyar inganta kula da lafiya da sauya manufofin gwamnati da tallafawa sauran iyalai.

Wannan al’amari dai ya kai ga gudanar da wani babban taro na duniya a kan kula da lafiyar jarirai sabbin haihuwa a birnin Cape Town na Afirka ta Kudu daga ranar 8 har zuwa 11 ga watan Mayu.

Yayin wannan taro da ake kammalawa a ranar Laraba, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya da Asusun kula da Ƙananan Yara na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da sauran hukumomin Majalisar sun yi kira a ɗauki ƙarin matakai don inganta kula da mata da jarirai don rage kasadar haihuwar bakwaini.

Ƙarin wasu matakan· A ƙara zuba kuɗi:

A tattaro dukiya a cikin gida da kuma ƙasashen waje, don kyautata lafiyar mata masu juna biyu da jarirai sabbin haihuwa, da kuma tabbatar da ganin an samar da ingantacciyar kulawa a lokacin da ake buƙata kuma a inda ake buƙata.

· Hanzarta aiwatar da manufofi:

Cimma burukan da ƙasashe suka sanya gaba wajen tabbatar da ci gaba, ta hanyar aiwatar da manufofin da aka tsara, don kyautata kula da lafiyar mata masu juna biyu da jarirai.

· Shigar da ɓangarori daban-daban:

Bunƙasa ilmi a tsawon zango-zanga na rayuwa da tallafa wa wayayyun harkokin zuba jari, da haɗa ƙarfi da ƙarfe a ɓangarori da dama, sai kuma ƙarfafa matakan canza rayuwa ga matsalolin sauyin yanayi da ci gaba da haɗa gwiwa, da yin tsayuwar daka ga harkokin ɗaukin gaggawa.

· Ƙirƙiro dabaru a cikin gida:

Zuba jari a cikin gida kan dabarun ƙirƙire-ƙirƙire da bincike don tallafa wa harkokin inganta kula da lafiya da tabbatar da daidaito wajen samun ayyukan lafiya.

Source: BBC