Shugabancin siyasa a Afrika : Yadda shugabanni ke shirya ƴaƴansu don ƙarbar mulki

Shugaban Congo-Brazzaville Denis-Sassou-Nguesso ya naɗa ɗansa Denis-Christel a matsayin minista a gwamnatinsa, wanda hakan yasa kafafen yaɗa labarai suka riƙa hasashen cewa yana take-taken ganin cewa ɗansa ya gaje shi a matsayin shugaban ƙasa.

Sai dai kuma a watan Maris ne a ka sake zaɓen shi wanda hakan na nufin ya shafe shekaru sama da 30 yana mulki, sannan babu alamun shugaban mai shekaru 77 na da niyyar ajiye mulki nan kusa.

Muddin Denis-Christel ya gaji mahaifinsa, hakan na nufin Congo-Brazaville ta ɗau salon mulkin Jamhuriyyar Afrika Ta Tsakiya.

A Gabon mai maƙwabtaka Shugaba Ali Bongo Ondimba ɗa ne ga tsohon shugaba Omar Bongo, wanda ya mulki ƙasar tun daga shekarar 1967 har zuwa 2009.

Haka abun yake a Jamhuriyyar Demokradiyyar Congo, inda shugaba Joseph Kabila ya shafe shekaru 17 yana mulki, bayan ya ga ji mahaifinsa Laurete Desire wanda aka kashe a 2001.

Shima shugaban Equatorial Guinea Teodore Obiang wanda ya karbi mulki bayan tunbuke kawunsa Francisco Macias Nguema, wanda shi ne shugaba na farko a shekarar 1979 tuni ya naɗa dansa a matsayin mataimaki, kuma ga dukkan alamu shi ke kan gaba a cikin wadanda ake tunani za su gaje shi.

Bayan shugaban Chad Idriss Deby ya mutu sanadiyyar raunukan da ya ji a faɗa da ƴan tawaye makon da ya gabata, ɗansa Mahamat wanda a ka riƙa yi wa ƙarin girma akai-akai har ya kai janar shi ne ya gaje shi.

Ko a Kamaru yanzu haka akwai masu fafutukar tallata Franck Biya, wanda ɗa ne ga Shugaba Paul Biya mai shekaru 88, wanda ba a jima da zabar shi a karo na bakwai.

Wasu majiyoyi da ke kusa da Franck Biya wanda ya mayar da hankali kan kasuwancinsa sun ce babu alamun cewa yana da sha'awar ya gaji mahaifinsa, duk da bai hana masu tallata shi ci gaba da ganin hakan ta tabbata ba.

To amma batun ɗa ya gaji mahaifinsa a siyasa ba sabon abu bane, idan ka dubi iyalan gidan Bush da Kennedy a Amurka.

Yanzu haka an ƙaddamar da wani kamfe ta kafafen sada zumunta na goyon bayan Janar Muhoozi Kainerugaba, wanda ɗa ne ga Shugaba Yoweri Museveni.

Tuni jam'iyya mai mulki ta nuna sare-saren bai wa Janar Muhoozi takara a zaben 2026.

Sai dai kuma abin ya fi ƙamaru ne a yammaci da kuma Tsakiyar Afrika inda ke da arzikin man fetur.

Kazalika a irin waɗannan wurare za a iya samun rabuwar kai har a tsakanin ƴan gida ɗaya saboda kwaɗayin mulki.

Akwai raɗe-raɗin cewa an samu rabuwar kai a gidan shugaban ƙasar Equatorial Guinea kan wanda zai gaji shugaban ƙasa, inda wasu suka fi so a bai wa Ministan man fetur Mbega Obiang Lima.

Gabon: Rikicin shugabanci a cikin gida

A zaben shekarar 2016 ne Shugaba Ali Bongo ya fuskanci tsohon ministan ƙasashen waje kuma shugaban Tarayyar Afrika Jean Ping.

Mr Ping shi ne tsohon saurayin ƙanwar shugaba Ali Bongo, wanda kawu ne ga ƴaƴan abokin takararsa.

Amma hakan bai hana a ka gudanar da zazzafar siyasa a Gabon ba.

Kuma bayan shekaru biyar Mr Ping ya ƙi amsa shan kaye, don akwai zarge-zargen cewa an tafka maguɗi a zaben.

Sai dai kuma tuni Shugaba Bongo ya naɗa ɗansa Nourredin Bongo Valentine a matsayin shugaban ma'aikatar da ke kula da lamurran shugaban ƙasa a shekarar 2019.

A bara ne Mr Bongo ya kamu da ciwon shanyewar rabin jiki a lokacin da ya kai wata ziyara Saudiyya, inda shugaban ma'aikata a fadarsa Brice Alihanga ya cigaba da tafiyar da gwamnati.

To amma daga ƙarshe shugaban ya dawo kan kujerarsa, an kuma ragewa Mr Brice muƙami aka kuma cire shi daga baya tare da kama shi da laifin cin hanci da rashawa zargin da ya musanta.

Sai kuma gashi ya naɗa ɗansa Noureddin a wannan matsayi na shugaban ma'aikata a fadar shugaban ƙasa, wani matsayi da zai iya anfani dashi don ɗaukar wasu matakai a madadin shugaban ƙasa.

Kuma irin yadda a ke bayyana rashin tabbas game da rashin lafiyar Ali Bongo, akwai yiwuwar ɗannasa ne zai gaje shi.

Nourraddin ya yi karatunsa a kwalejin Eton da ke Burtaniya, da kuma jam'iar SOAS da ke London.

Binciken cin hanci a Faransa

Can kuwa a arewaci ɗan Idris Deby Mahamat wanda ya gaji mahaifinsa bayan shafe shekaru 30 a kan mulki na fuskantar matsin lamba tun bayan hawansa.

A ɗaya bangaren majalisar sojin ƙasar na buƙatar ya gudanar da mulki kan ƙa'idar da suka shata, yayin da a lokaci ɗaya kasashen duniya ke ci gaba da matsa masa lamba kan tattaunawa da ƴan siyasa kan batun mayar da Chada bisa turbar dimokraɗiyya.

Wata sarkakiya ta daban ce ta addabi gwamnatin Equatorial Guinea wadda ta mamaye ta ko da yake wani kwamitin bincike na ma'aikatar shari'ar Faransa da ke bankado zarge-zargen cewa iyalan shugaban gwamnatin kasar sun sayi wasu kadarori a Faransa da kudin da aka karba a matsayin cin hanci.

Iyalan Bongo da Nguesso na cikin wadanda ake zargi: ana gudanar da bincike kan mutum 13 ciki har da lauyan da ya yi aiki da marigayi Shugaba Omar Bongo da 'yan kasar Faransa da dama.

A shekarar 2015 wasu alkalan Faransa sun yi umarni a ƙwace gidaje guda biyu da ke yankin Paris wadanda suka yi amannar cewa dan uwan Mr Sassou-Nguesso, Wilfrid Nguesso ne ya mallake su; tuni suka bayar da umarnin ƙwace motocin alfarma 15. Ana kuma gudanar da bincike kan Wilfrid.

A shekarar 2016 Mr Sassou-Nguesso ya je kotu domin ganin an kwanke shi daga dukkan zarge-zargen da ke da alaka da shi, yayin da kakakin gwamnatinsa ya bayyana zarge-zargen a matsayin "wata babbar kutungwila" da ake yi da nufin bata sunan shugaban kasar.

Sai dai alkalan Faransa sun ci gaba da tuhumarsa kuma a tsakiyar 2017 sun soma gudanar da bincike kan 'yar shugaban kasar Julienne da mijinta Guy Johnson, da wani dan uwansa, Edgar, da kuma tsohuwar surukarsa Catherine Ignanga.

Sun yi zargin cewar sun gano mutanen sun aika yuro milyan 18.4 ($22.4m; £15.9m) tsakanin 2008-09.

Equatorial Guinea damotocinta na alfarma

Amma mataimakin shugaban kasar Equatorial Guinea, Teodoro ne ya fi jan hankali, bayan da 'yan sanda suka kai samame gidansa na alfarma da ke unguwar 42 Avenue Foch a birnin Paris tun shekarar 2012 sannan suka kwace motoci da dama, cikinsu har da kirar Bugatti Veyrons guda biyu da kuma Rolls Royce Phantom.

Shi kansa Teodoro an ci tararsa yuro miliyan 30.

Gwamnatinsa ta kai kara a kotun duniya, inda ta ce gidan da ke Avenue Foch mansion, wanda kudinsa ya kai yuro miliyan 107, ofishin jakadancin kasar ne da ke Faransa kuma ya kamata ya samu kariya daga kutse saboda difilomasiyya.

Sai dai a watan Disamba kotun ta yi fatali da bukatarta. Kuma wani kuduri da majalisar dokokin Faransa ta yi ya amince a yi amfani da kudin da aka samu daga kudin sayar da kadarori wajen aiwatar da ayyukan ci gaban kasarsu.

Duk da yadda a shearun baya bayan nan ake samun shugabannin kasashen da ke son 'ya'yansu su gaje su a wasu kasashe, babu tabbas kan dorewar wannan yunkuri ganin yadda matasa a kasashen suke fafutukar kawo sauyi.

Paul Melly mai bayar da shawarwari ne kan tsare-tsaren Afirka a Chatham House da ke London.