Thanks for calling it for it is. It's a shame! It is baffling. Religious organizations brown bag with Politicians unapologetic.Sure they will get away with it.Cos the Government attorney will not show up in court to represent ... read full comment
Thanks for calling it for it is. It's a shame! It is baffling. Religious organizations brown bag with Politicians unapologetic.Sure they will get away with it.Cos the Government attorney will not show up in court to represent us.Politicians make coups not soldiers.
Thanks bro
Mbir1
Nii Kootse. 10 years ago
Well done for an article well written.
Most African educated elite are lazy, greedy.
They tend to be problems to the solution of our problems.
They expect to earn so much immediately to cover their years in college, no ... read full comment
Well done for an article well written.
Most African educated elite are lazy, greedy.
They tend to be problems to the solution of our problems.
They expect to earn so much immediately to cover their years in college, no much how.
So greedy they bow, lick the asses of "Pastors" who could barely write their own names.
Sadly that the Osagyefo and others who fought and died for the freedom of Africa are still turning in their graves, resting in horror of regret, than in Peace
corrupt mahama juju killed mills,ei 10 years ago
ANANSE GOVT MAHAMA,ASANTEHENE BOTH ARE THIEF,IDIOTS,DONT CARE FOR GHANIANS,GOD WILL PUNISH THEM ONE BY ONE,THIER ENDS WILL SOON COME AND FIGHT FOR GHANIANS,PERIOD
ANANSE GOVT MAHAMA,ASANTEHENE BOTH ARE THIEF,IDIOTS,DONT CARE FOR GHANIANS,GOD WILL PUNISH THEM ONE BY ONE,THIER ENDS WILL SOON COME AND FIGHT FOR GHANIANS,PERIOD
corrupt mahama juju killed mills,ei 10 years ago
ANANSE GOVT MAHAMA,ASANTEHENE BOTH ARE THIEF,IDIOTS,DONT CARE FOR GHANIANS,GOD WILL PUNISH THEM ONE BY ONE,THIER ENDS WILL SOON COME AND FIGHT FOR GHANIANS,PERIOD
ANANSE GOVT MAHAMA,ASANTEHENE BOTH ARE THIEF,IDIOTS,DONT CARE FOR GHANIANS,GOD WILL PUNISH THEM ONE BY ONE,THIER ENDS WILL SOON COME AND FIGHT FOR GHANIANS,PERIOD
Dadwen 10 years ago
Thanks Francis for your good article but you are preaching to the wrong choir...if you get my drift. We, as well as our politicians, know the need for what you are eluding to but unfortunately for us, our politicians lack the ... read full comment
Thanks Francis for your good article but you are preaching to the wrong choir...if you get my drift. We, as well as our politicians, know the need for what you are eluding to but unfortunately for us, our politicians lack the decency and moral fortitude to clean up the mess so that we can finally start building a better Ghana.
Our politicians are no different from the colonial powers who came to Africa...waving a raised cross in one hand while hiding a dagger in the other hand behind them. Our politicians go on the campaign trail, on television and radio and in the print media, promising us heaven and earth until they get into power. And then all hell break loose!
It has been like that since the dawn of our independence and all we get is one Government after another passing on the baton of deceit, corruption and nepotism to the next government...and the next, and there are no indications on the horizon that things will change anytime soon---maybe not in our lifetime---so brace yourself for a really rough ride on the gravy train. And please pray that someday, we will get a new breed of politicians who will lead us along the kind of path that will help us build a better Ghana for ourselves and posterity. GOD BLESS GHANA!
Meanwhile, please don't say "the wealthy nations are turning to Africa where oil and minerals remain trapped in the ground". They never left Africa since they first set foot on our soil: they are now only coming back in drones to take us further to the cleaners by being in bed with our moronic politicians---excuse my French---who condone crafty and shady deals and ending up laughing all the way to the bank.
C.Y. ANDY-K 10 years ago
Francis,
You know, I didn't read your earlier scripts until the last one I commented on. Since I had to go into the archives to complete reading it in order to guide my still yet to be completed rejoinder to it, I seized t ... read full comment
Francis,
You know, I didn't read your earlier scripts until the last one I commented on. Since I had to go into the archives to complete reading it in order to guide my still yet to be completed rejoinder to it, I seized the opp to read the one on adopting Afrocentricity and glance at the others too. A pity I didn't read them earlier, instead of the trash I spent my time reading when they were posted. Your name is on top of mine in the archives, btw.
Well, as I said before, you are like a kid in the candy shop [of knowledge]:-) You might say epistemology! Grrrh!!!
No one can deny you your vast purview of scholarship over what you survey. But I intend to throw the spanners into the works for you. You still need to transcend certain barriers even though you are on the same straight path some of us had walked before and have reached our journey's end and are now exploring the new territory we have discovered. A new paradigm, a new world view. Deconstruction of the old and accepted, or its bastardization? Certainly not revisionism, nor revanchist. Just the plain gory, facts looked in the eye and told: you are naked! Yes, we knew what happened that impudent child. Do you? At the end of the journey on the straight and narrow path, you learn that.
Hmm! You asked rhetorically what Yaa Asantewaa among others, fought for. I can answer that one. When I once wrote on Okyeame that she also fought for the restoration of the Slave Trade, hell broke loose! I stood my ground and they ate their words because the archives DON'T LIE!
Yes, she is no heroine of mine and were I an Asante with my enlightenment, I wouldn't name my child after her! This time, I have my monstrous-looking, spikes-studded club in readiness, so mind you....
In your article aforementioned, you asked why African children were not taught that Mansa Musa (who famously died in a pair of trousers:-)), the famous king of Mali who made the famous pilgrimage to Mecca and caused inflation from Egypt to Arabia, was the richest person who ever lived? I have no problem with that so long as they were also taught that on his return journey he became bankrupt and had to borrow money in Egypt to continue his extravagant expenditure and to buy provisions to get back to Mali, where he presided over a kingdom that extracted gold and salt through grueling slave labour and sale of slaves (black Africans) across the Sahara Desert. Yes! The Slaves paid that loan several times over! And they should be taught also that the trans-Saharan Slave trade was larger in scope and death rates (mortality) than the Atlantic Slave Trade and prepared the grounds for the Middle Passage! And how today's rulers are not much better than those "glorious" leaders of those brutally monstrous predatory African kingdoms some Afrocentric like to project in pristine manner.
I shall certainly complete my rejoinder to you and add meat to the bones here. Let some lick this for now.
Andy-K
Francis Kwarteng 10 years ago
For instance, Wole Soyinka, in his book "Of Africa," has criticized African scholars for neglecting that aspect of African history. True, in all my readings this aspect of our history has not been thoroughly explored. But to ... read full comment
For instance, Wole Soyinka, in his book "Of Africa," has criticized African scholars for neglecting that aspect of African history. True, in all my readings this aspect of our history has not been thoroughly explored. But to say it was larger and death rates deriving from it higher than the Transatlantic Slave Trade are another matter? Wole Soyinka, UNESCO, and other United Nations organizations have done some serious work on the trans-Saharan slave trade. You may want to start with Soyinka's "Of Africa."
Now, if you want more details with regards to DNA and the so-called Transatlantic Slave Trade, you may want to start with the WEB Du Bois Institute for African and African American Research (See Henry Louis Gates, Jr., and the website will lead you to DNA data banks on the Transatlantic Slave Trade. But remember DNA is not 100% everything.) And this if you've not done so before already.
Francis Kwarteng 10 years ago
C.Y.ANDY-K,
How are you doing? I have noticed serious logical and historical flaws in your arguments.
I have a two-page response for you, but "Your Comment" box keeps rejecting it. I want to share this with Ghanaweb re ... read full comment
C.Y.ANDY-K,
How are you doing? I have noticed serious logical and historical flaws in your arguments.
I have a two-page response for you, but "Your Comment" box keeps rejecting it. I want to share this with Ghanaweb readers. In fact, your arguments are seriously flawed.
I don't kow how I can reach you. You can send me an email via franciskkwarteng@yahoo.com and I shall make the response available to you.
Thanks
Francis Kwarteng 10 years ago
Thanks for your rejoinder. Very creative. But we have to be careful what we mean by "slave." Slavery was never a part of pre-colonial African economies. If you say, maybe, post-colonial Dahomey, Angola, and, probably, the As ... read full comment
Thanks for your rejoinder. Very creative. But we have to be careful what we mean by "slave." Slavery was never a part of pre-colonial African economies. If you say, maybe, post-colonial Dahomey, Angola, and, probably, the Asante Empire, my answer will surely be yes. See
Please, a point of correction: The trans-Saharan slave trade did not lay the foundation for the Middle Passage. You may have to do some serious reading of Talmudic writings, from where both Arabs and Europeans picked up the idea of enslaving blacks),to appreciate the facts: Read "The Secret Relationship between Blacks and Jews, Vols. l & ll, and "Jews Selling Blacks." Just these three books will give you all the authoritative source materials, the primary sources, I mean, on the question of who laid the foundation for the Middle Passage.
C.Y. ANDY-K 10 years ago
Francis,
Strange you couldn't get through to me via my public e-mail: cyandyk@ymail.com. Try again.
But I prefer you share your response with the whole of Ghanaweb and thus point out my supposed flaws in my arguments for ... read full comment
Francis,
Strange you couldn't get through to me via my public e-mail: cyandyk@ymail.com. Try again.
But I prefer you share your response with the whole of Ghanaweb and thus point out my supposed flaws in my arguments for the benefit of others.
BTW, as at now, I am not interested in the DNA data on the origins of slaves taken to the Americas.
Ah! I've argued with others with this attempt to distinguish b/n captives used in Africa as unfree and unpaid for labour and captives taken to the Americans and used for same purpose. Bounded labour and chattel slavery and all that tedious distinction some try to use justify the one in Africa as "good" slavery and the one in the Americas as "bad" slavery. Unlike many of those people I used to argue with in the past - the '90s - I at least took an elective known as Society and Politics in the Black Diaspora as part of my Pol. Science degree at Legon. And had read far beyond that reading list by combing the libraries and buying books on the subject which clearly show that the African nationalist and Afrocentric positions are just hot air! There were very good masters in the New World too, esp. in Brazil where the One Drop of Black Blood You Are Black of the US did not apply and the settlers took African women as legal wives and their off-springs inherited their estates. I won't go into that debate now though.
Yes, slavery was in existence in Africa long before the Arabs arrived and before what we now called the trans-Saharan Slave Trade started. Yes, I am aware of the role Jews and the Christian Bible played in the Slave Trade, and issue which is hidden from the public. I recollect one African-American on the Village forum mentioning in the '90s that he received a lot of flank for broaching the topic, as it was seen as damaging the historical link the discriminated against Jews forged with Blacks in the 1930s.
Having said all this, I think i shall post here my Part 1 of a series I started on corruption. I put it on hold 'cos a friend doing a PhD. dissertation on corruption asked that we do a joint paper but I guess I've to complete my Part II - attempt at explaining the sources of our corrupting behaviour similar to the literature on say Algeria and the Philippines we used in our Organisation Theory course - for the gallery.
Andy-K
C.Y. ANDY-K 10 years ago
RULERS AND THE RULED: CONMEN, CROOKS, CHARLATANS, USURPERS AND IMPOSTORS IN POST-COLONIAL GHANA.
PART 1
This is a nagging and an all-embracive topic which needed to be properly addressed, as I believe it spells out ... read full comment
RULERS AND THE RULED: CONMEN, CROOKS, CHARLATANS, USURPERS AND IMPOSTORS IN POST-COLONIAL GHANA.
PART 1
This is a nagging and an all-embracive topic which needed to be properly addressed, as I believe it spells out what ails Ghana since her flag independence. Unraveling the complex phenomena and tendency of Ghanaians to embrace and tolerate corruption and lawless behaviour to anomic proportions will be a major contribution to understanding the Ghanaian psyche which underpins the problems of bribery and corruption and inability to conform to laws and regulations in all their ramifications. Even though the title indicates treatment from the post-independence period, to understand the issues very well requires that we delve into our pre-colonial and colonial past for clues as to the origins of the post-colonial era issues at stake. This is because those of us with the benefit of hindsight into our historical past see a continuum, some of which make the presence pale into insignificance. The mythology of some African writers who paint pristine images of an African past, in which all was fine and dandy, regulated by time tested customs and traditions, collapses like a pack of cards. I have the opportunity to accuse one of such writers, Prof George Ayittey, of indulging in “false empiricism”: skewed or wrong presentation of some empirical events to fit certain claims, empirical or subjective. So what are the gory, bloodstained details without the whitewash like the slave castles which still dominate our shores?
The treatment I intended is by no means exhaustive, as it is exploratory, the main objective being to broach some new dimensions not looked at before and, hopefully, those with more resources shall deal with them indepth. Of course, some studies by mainly white scholars already exist touching on the issues raised but in this write-up, despite the temptation, I shall keep mention of them to the minimum, as this is not intended for a peer reviewed journal but the popular media.
Illustrations or brief case studies shall be made with examples of known characters guilty of the negative traits, nation wrecking and lawless behaviour under discussion.
To make myself clear to readers, I’d like to offer, within context, some brief explanations of and forays into some of the key terms referring to the protagonists or actors.
CONMEN: The word “conmen,” derived from “confidence men,” is used to refer to confidence tricksters, charlatans or quacks who profess to be what they are not in order to win our trust or confidence in order to offer something gainful or beneficial to us. In the process, we are invariably duped, swindled, scammed and short-changed, often losing money to the conmen or swindlers. Hmm! I can hear someone mumbling that we can put almost all our politicians under this category! But let us include those charlatans selling to the public all kinds of cures for our ailments at the lorry stations; the horde of self-proclaimed prophets and prophetesses, pastors, bishops, alufas, and seers that offer salvation to Ghanaians not only in the after-life but from all kinds of imaginable problems from financial woes, imagined generational curses, love pangs to menstrual pains, but are often reported in the press for all kinds of criminal conduct. They are the new snake oil sellers and magicians from our colonial and pre-colonial past. The psyche and cosmology of the mass of Ghanaians - even the most educated - steeped in their peasant, artisanal fishing, small time craftsman and illiterate origins, dominated by the Weberian primitive, substantive rationality, makes them receptive to their wiles. And it shall be so for a while still, as the world of Ghanaians is yet to experience the Enlightenment based on rational and scientific thought.
Of course, the mid-1970s was the height of the conmen’s reign, when the phenomenon known as “kalabule” reached its apogee. The whole population was touched one way or the other, for better or for worse, depending on who has the greater opportunity to swindle or scam others most! With the resurgence of scamming on an international scale under the known names of 419 or Sakawa, the members of the civilian population being the main culprits, one cannot only continue to point fingers at the corrupt politicians and public officials in all the three arms of government who supervise the whole citadel of corruption and official protection racketeering that goes under the name of government in Ghana. For, indeed, the minimum protection and services that the State provides, those in control of the state machinery arrogate to themselves the right to plunder public resources and wantonly extort money from the population for their own gain on a scale unimaginable in the civilised world of today. One would have to go back to the C19th to see something similar in the West but was, of course, the order of day with our plundering and slave raiding ancestors.
USURPERS: “Usurpers” refer to those who illegally seize the right to govern or rule, as in a coup d’état; or claimed a chieftaincy stool or skin whilst one is not qualified to do so. All the coup makers in Ghana since 1966 fall under this category. Likewise, are a number of claimants to stools they are not entitled to, thus giving rise to intractable disputes in the courts and conflicts in all the regions of Ghana. The question arises about the origins of these usurpers; by that, I mean their social or family origins which predispose them to such illegalities. Not much is written about the family or social origins of Ghana’s military and police usurpers. However, the available evidence showed that the Ghana Army and Police originally comprised mainly people of slave and lower social status origins. This, for a long time after independence, made enrolment into those two institutions a thing of low esteem to those who see themselves as of higher social status.
In the case of usurpers to chieftaincy stools, who are they indeed? Since succession is hereditary, who in his right mind who is not a bona fide descendant from the rightful bloodline would dare to push himself forward into such a position? Could the dispute be arising from the descendants of those born of slave “wives” and servants of royal households who are not recognised as heirs? Or, those who have suffered “social death” and really do not know their true origins, as the assimilation process of such “Outsiders” entailed suppression of their origins?
IMPOSTOR: “Impostor” refers to a charlatan or conman who assumed a FALSE IDENTITY, thus making the person an impersonator, in order to deceive and/or swindle us for a purpose. Often, the persons may change their names to make the deceit successful but in many cases, they simply assume false credentials they do not have. John Ackah Blay-Miezah readily comes to mind as one supremo in this category but he was not alone, as we have recent examples making waves such as the Egyptian Onsy Nkrumah claiming to be the son of Dr Kwame Nkrumah and Prosper Tao Tsikata (to be distinguished from Prosper Yao Tsikata, the beleaguered victim of his name theft). Many false claimants to chieftaincy stools, past and present, fall under this category too. Mr Lumorvi Atitsogbi, aka Nyonyo Agboada (many other names), and Mr Patrick Agboba, pretenders to the Anlo Awoamefia throne, and Dr Joe Blankson, claimant to the Ga Mantse throne, are recent examples. These grown ups who should have known better have caused so much discord and grief in their communities. What motivates them? We just have to take a look at our colonial past, with the colonialists creating warrant chiefs by heart, and pre-colonial past when even people from different ethnic groups freely imposed themselves upon others through wars and conquest to appreciate the phenomena of usurpers and impostors! One may say without the risk of exaggeration: déjà vu!
Today, conmen and impostors are criminals, mere unconscionable crooks, rogues and rascals that prey upon the ignorance, goodwill and trust of the citizenry. They deserve to be exposed, arrested, prosecuted and penalised but, unfortunately, they are often idolised in the Ghanaian society when successful in their pursuits of unlawful gains. In many cases, they are accorded official recognition and rub shoulders with officialdom. One may say birds of the same feather flock together, and so it is not unusual to see the government leaders behaving as they do, harbouring and promoting the fortunes of one of their own, despite irrevocable and clear evidence against them. If the evidence does not readily exist, it can be readily found in most cases by proper investigation, So, Onsy Nkrumah could be charged with impersonation and samples taken from him for a DNA test, but none in the corrupt government circles will do any such thing in order to protect public sanctity; not to mention the image of our revered or much reviled Founding Father, depending on which side of the turf you are!
Perhaps, the Ghanaian psyche, primed up by the spider (“ananse” or “ayiyi”) folktales, in which the trickster spider always prevailed, has indeed conditioned Ghanaians to accept and hail such criminals as achievers, as suggested by a Japanese anthropologist looking at the corruption scene in Africa - amidst wild outcry from African counterparts. The absence of a whistleblower legislation, which the ethically challenged conmen in Parliaments have refused to pass, is not enough to explain the protection and accolade these criminals enjoy at the moment.
RULERS: “Rulers” here refers to the heirs to and the operators of the colonial state of Ghana comprising its coercive apparatuses, the executive, the judiciary and legislative arms, whether in civilian clothes or military garbs; and their counterparts, the traditional chiefs who partnered the colonialists under the system of Indirect Rule and still preside over the traditional authorities the length and breadth of Ghana. They are the supervisors and hirelings of the corruption and lawlessness in post-independent Ghana. What are their class or social origins that predispose their psyche to this particularly vicious form of primitive accumulation or just plain thievery, callousness, normlessness and lack of empathy for the weak? What acculturation processes did they undergo during the colonial era, as practically all of them were born during that era? Yet again, the available evidence shows that Ghana’s so-called elite are mainly drawn from people of slave origins and some scions of the royal houses. What is, in book-long terminology, the complex articulation of interests at work? Chief Obafemi Awolowo, in the first Kwame Nkrumah Memorial Lectures at the University of Cape Coast in 1977, spoke of the warped mentality that the slave trade left as a legacy in Africa. Franz Fanon wrote of the Psychology of the Oppressed to highlight the ravages of colonialism to the minds of Africans. Not much has been said then. What are the ramifications of all this? I am aware of Dr Irene Odotei collecting empirical data in the 1990s touching on the subject but have not seen outcomes of her analyses.
THE RULED: The “ruled”, of course, refers to the rest of us civilians, from the rich, wheeling dealing business tycoons who bribe, wine and dine with the rulers; the drivers who tip off the Police constables on a daily basis, to the rural rustics who are supposedly the much oppressed and bamboozled subjects. However, the ruled, by no means, are not averse to, or not adept at adopting the same means the conmen, impostors, the crooked businesspeople and rulers employ to perpetuate their swindle on the whole population. They are therefore not entirely passive victims of the protection racketeers manning the state apparatus, as they are masters of the game themselves, employing all kinds of survival and coping mechanisms on a daily basis to survive. This irony, of course, has been commented upon by scholars, mostly European scholars. Just take the number of young, rootless and wayward people getting involved in “sakawa” - all kinds of 419 scams - to defraud people both in Ghana and abroad, and the faked “political refugees” of yesteryears with tall tales of persecution, to appreciate what I mean. The prisons are filled full with convicts from the ruled class. The ruled, in short, are just as compromised in this saga as the rest of them, as in the era of civilian rule, the ruled indeed supply the rulers. Psychologists tell us that abused persons often grow up to become abusers, and the ruled are definitely part of the induced warped mentality of the past. Together with the rulers, they all play cops and robbers in the drama that underpins the canker of bribery and corruption, plain thievery, rogue behaviour and lawlessness that unfold daily in Ghana. Any talk of a principled and conscionable civil society in Ghana working for good governance is therefore largely bogus, as we just have compromised partisan groupings that support their side of the hood. The vocal exceptions are few and are seen as oddities or odd balls swimming against the tide.
With this prelude to the subject, I’d like to dwell in Part 2 on the advent of the immediate post-colonial era to 1972, which marked the return of military rule to Ghana after the overthrow of the Progress Party government of Dr Kofi Abrefa Busia by Col. Ignatius Acheampong’s NRC.
Andy C.Y. Kwawukume
KWASI KYEI BAFFOUR 10 years ago
I CONGRATULATE YOU ON YOUR ARTICLE, EVERYTHING YOU SAID IS TRUE.CORRUPTION HAS CREPT INTO EVERY FABRIC OF OUR LIVES.IT HAS BECOME A CANCER IN THE SOCIETY.IT HAS EVEN CREPT INTO HOW KINGS AND CHIEFS ARE SELECTED,MAY THE LORD H ... read full comment
I CONGRATULATE YOU ON YOUR ARTICLE, EVERYTHING YOU SAID IS TRUE.CORRUPTION HAS CREPT INTO EVERY FABRIC OF OUR LIVES.IT HAS BECOME A CANCER IN THE SOCIETY.IT HAS EVEN CREPT INTO HOW KINGS AND CHIEFS ARE SELECTED,MAY THE LORD HAVE MERCY ON US.
Thanks for calling it for it is. It's a shame! It is baffling. Religious organizations brown bag with Politicians unapologetic.Sure they will get away with it.Cos the Government attorney will not show up in court to represent ...
read full comment
Well done for an article well written.
Most African educated elite are lazy, greedy.
They tend to be problems to the solution of our problems.
They expect to earn so much immediately to cover their years in college, no ...
read full comment
ANANSE GOVT MAHAMA,ASANTEHENE BOTH ARE THIEF,IDIOTS,DONT CARE FOR GHANIANS,GOD WILL PUNISH THEM ONE BY ONE,THIER ENDS WILL SOON COME AND FIGHT FOR GHANIANS,PERIOD
ANANSE GOVT MAHAMA,ASANTEHENE BOTH ARE THIEF,IDIOTS,DONT CARE FOR GHANIANS,GOD WILL PUNISH THEM ONE BY ONE,THIER ENDS WILL SOON COME AND FIGHT FOR GHANIANS,PERIOD
Thanks Francis for your good article but you are preaching to the wrong choir...if you get my drift. We, as well as our politicians, know the need for what you are eluding to but unfortunately for us, our politicians lack the ...
read full comment
Francis,
You know, I didn't read your earlier scripts until the last one I commented on. Since I had to go into the archives to complete reading it in order to guide my still yet to be completed rejoinder to it, I seized t ...
read full comment
For instance, Wole Soyinka, in his book "Of Africa," has criticized African scholars for neglecting that aspect of African history. True, in all my readings this aspect of our history has not been thoroughly explored. But to ...
read full comment
C.Y.ANDY-K,
How are you doing? I have noticed serious logical and historical flaws in your arguments.
I have a two-page response for you, but "Your Comment" box keeps rejecting it. I want to share this with Ghanaweb re ...
read full comment
Thanks for your rejoinder. Very creative. But we have to be careful what we mean by "slave." Slavery was never a part of pre-colonial African economies. If you say, maybe, post-colonial Dahomey, Angola, and, probably, the As ...
read full comment
Francis,
Strange you couldn't get through to me via my public e-mail: cyandyk@ymail.com. Try again.
But I prefer you share your response with the whole of Ghanaweb and thus point out my supposed flaws in my arguments for ...
read full comment
RULERS AND THE RULED: CONMEN, CROOKS, CHARLATANS, USURPERS AND IMPOSTORS IN POST-COLONIAL GHANA.
PART 1
This is a nagging and an all-embracive topic which needed to be properly addressed, as I believe it spells out ...
read full comment
I CONGRATULATE YOU ON YOUR ARTICLE, EVERYTHING YOU SAID IS TRUE.CORRUPTION HAS CREPT INTO EVERY FABRIC OF OUR LIVES.IT HAS BECOME A CANCER IN THE SOCIETY.IT HAS EVEN CREPT INTO HOW KINGS AND CHIEFS ARE SELECTED,MAY THE LORD H ...
read full comment