From a USAID report:
"There appears no clear pattern of association between male circumcision and HIV prevalence—in 8 of 18 countries with data, HIV prevalence is lower among circumcised men, while in the remaining 10 coun ... read full comment
From a USAID report:
"There appears no clear pattern of association between male circumcision and HIV prevalence—in 8 of 18 countries with data, HIV prevalence is lower among circumcised men, while in the remaining 10 countries it is higher."
It seems highly unrealistic to expect that there will be no risk compensation. The South African National Communication Survey on HIV/AIDS, 2009 found that 15% of adults across age groups "believe that circumcised men do not need to use condoms".
It is unclear if circumcised men are more likely to infect women. The only ever randomized controlled trial into male-to-female transmission showed a 54% higher rate in the group where the men had been circumcised:
ABC (Abstinence, Being faithful, and especially Condoms) is the way forward. Promoting genital surgery seems likely to cost African lives rather than save them.
Europeans don't circumcise, South Americans don't circumcise, Australians and New Zealanders used to circumcise but stopped, and less than half of North Americans circumcise. Why should Africans circumcise?
Recent news from Botswana:
"There is an upsurge of cases of people who got infected with HIV following circumcision."
and from Zimbabwe:
"SOME circumcised men are contracting HIV and Aids after ditching the use of condoms, under a misguided belief that male circumcision (MC) would prevent them from getting infected"
and from Kenya:
"Push for male circumcision in Nyanza fails to reduce infections"
Gary Harryman 9 years ago
I heard that cutting off the most sensitive part/moving part/lubricant seal of your penis will prevent tooth decay.
I heard that cutting off the most sensitive part/moving part/lubricant seal of your penis will prevent tooth decay.
Hugh7 9 years ago
"Participants did not receive direct risk-reduction counseling during visits."
That's not what Researcher Dr Robert Bailey told The Trinidad Express on August 20, 2007:
"Bailey admitted that the studies in South Africa, ... read full comment
"Participants did not receive direct risk-reduction counseling during visits."
That's not what Researcher Dr Robert Bailey told The Trinidad Express on August 20, 2007:
"Bailey admitted that the studies in South Africa, Uganda and Kenya found an increase in the number [of] sexual encounters, less consistent condom use and an increase in unprotected sex respectively among the circumcised. But he said that with repeated study visits and intensive behavioural counselling there were eventually reductions in risk behaviours."
From a USAID report:
"There appears no clear pattern of association between male circumcision and HIV prevalence—in 8 of 18 countries with data, HIV prevalence is lower among circumcised men, while in the remaining 10 coun ...
read full comment
I heard that cutting off the most sensitive part/moving part/lubricant seal of your penis will prevent tooth decay.
"Participants did not receive direct risk-reduction counseling during visits."
That's not what Researcher Dr Robert Bailey told The Trinidad Express on August 20, 2007:
"Bailey admitted that the studies in South Africa, ...
read full comment